Thank you for your detailed note.

I WILL look at your articles, as they are of interest to me.

I think the reasons for estrangement are so manifold that it is hard to come up with any one rule or theory why it happens.

Your discussion also does not account for mental health issues either in the child or parent, which skews any general analysis of the subject in the hypotheticals you are assuming (that estrangement often results from a child having to deal with a toxic parent or enivronment).

Toxicity always has to be defined, and if it is merely a subjective definition by the child, what is the value of a general takeaway on the subject?

As an example, we live in an age when all participants in sports on a team often get a trophy, whether they win or not (I know, I did it myself as a coach). So if I did not hand out trophies to all members of a losing team, I might be considered a bad, uncaring or toxic coach?

We do a cruel disservice to our children if we push them out of the nest without teaching them how to or expecting them to fly.

Parents sometimes have to endure estrangement simply from discharging parental responsibilities that are not necessarily espoused or understood by the child.

I have seen estrangement many times in others and in my relations, to some extent. And it often has to do with a level of maturation, mostly on the part of children but sometimes adults.

I have also seem estrangements that have lasted for years, suddenly remit for no apparent reason. Time heals all wounds, as it were.

Thanks for the non BS note ;-)